phd thesis powerpoint presentation example

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Dissertation Presentation Powerpoint Presentation Slides

Introducing our dissertation presentation PowerPoint presentation slides. Present the introduction to your thesis with the help of this research exhibiting PowerPoint deck. This thesis presentation PPT theme has a slide that contains the literature review. Utilizing this assignment plan PPT layout will help you in displaying the hypothesis of your dissertation. This readymade research analysis PowerPoint design contains slides which help you present the statistical analysis. Assimilating this particular practical representation PPT theme allows you to present your conclusions and findings with charts and diagrams. This project dissertation PowerPoint creative set contains a slide for the list of references. Selection of this research work PowerPoint template helps you showcase your comparative research. This practical project management PPT deck lets you make required variations to icons and colors. Choose this thesis article display PowerPoint design to display organization and assurance. Download this PPT slide to avail the benefits of perfection.

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PhD Dissertation Defense Slides Design: Example slides

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Acknowledgments

Thank all ph.d.s for sharing their presentations. if you are interested in sharing your slides, please contact julie chen ([email protected])., civil and environmental engineering.

• Carl Malings (2017)
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• Lauren M. Cook (2018)
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• Last Updated: Aug 28, 2020 1:13 PM
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Home Blog Presentation Ideas How To Do a Proper Thesis Defense Using the Right PowerPoint Presentation

How To Do a Proper Thesis Defense Using the Right PowerPoint Presentation

Writing a thesis is stressful, but preparing an oral defense can be even more painful. But it doesn’t have to be; with proper preparation and a good presentation, you will be able to better equip yourself comes time to present your thesis defense.

But what makes a good thesis defense?

A proper presentation helps you with your thesis defense because it helps you capture the panels’ attention and gives you cues and reminders on what to say as well.

It also helps keep your data organized while visually looking good and provides a flow structure for the rest of your presentation.

In today’s article, we will be giving you The Right PowerPoint Templates for Your Thesis Defense and a powerful outline composed of best practices and layouts specifically designed to help you defend your thesis in both written and oral presentations.

In the next segments of this article, we’ll walk you through the most feasible process on how to ace this kind of presentation.

Let’s dive into the outline of what makes a great thesis defense.

Thesis Defense Overview

Similarities.

• Type of Degree

Thesis and Dissertation Distinction Varies on Location

Three most common thesis defense myths, how to use chatgpt to structure your thesis.

• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Methodology
• Acknowledgements
• Questions and Answers
• Contact Information
• Tips During Your Oral Defense
• More Quick Tips on How to Present

A thesis defense is composed of two parts – a thesis and a defense.

The thesis, according to Grad School Hub , represents a student’s collective understanding of his or her program and major.

Universities often include a thesis in every course as one of the final requirements to earn a particular graduate or postgraduate degree.

The thesis, however, isn’t just a mere requirement.

It helps the students to grow out of their shell from their respective discipline and give them the opportunity to present all the findings of their study.

Moreover, some people think a thesis is just a long essay, but it’s not. Unlike an essay, a thesis needs to assert something.

This can be considered one of the most crucial research documents that a student makes during their academic schooling .

On the other hand, defense is the presentation of the pieces of evidence to support and prove your research.

It’s the most essential part of the thesis process.

Your presentation has to be prepared to answer questions from members of the committee and any other panel present, and it’s your job to convince them and defend your thesis with ample proof.

Prior to presenting, you have to carefully determine what appropriate evidence should be presented before the panel, depending on what thesis you have to defend.

Thesis and Dissertation Distinguished

A thesis or dissertation is usually required to complete a particular graduate degree. These two words are often used interchangeably by most students when referring to research studies.

But while being almost similar in format or structure, it’s worth noting that they have significant differences that set them apart from each other.

The very reason why thesis and dissertation are treated the same is that these two are both extensive papers. Not just merely long essays like what others are claiming.

Both of these papers are extensive. This is why students are given ample time, usually the entire last semester of the last year of study, to complete all the requirements and finally acquire their degree.

With regards to structure, both papers are very similar with few differences.

Differences Between Thesis and Dissertation

One of the significant differences between the two is to whom the paper is assigned. A thesis is usually required for those students earning a bachelor’s or master’s degree. While a dissertation is for those, who want to obtain a doctorate degree.

However, not all students taking a master’s degree are required to make a thesis. Prior to their enrollment, they have been given a choice of whether they’ll go for a non-thesis program or with a thesis.

Those who have a plan to escalate their degree to a doctorate eventually should take the path of a thesis. This is to prepare themselves for a more extensive dissertation requirement as doctorate students. Otherwise, they will be only limited to earning a master’s degree.

But above all, the most significant difference between the two papers is the purpose for which it is written.

A thesis, like what has been mentioned above, is being done by students obtaining a bachelor’s or master’s degree and has the purpose of testing their understanding of the discipline they’re engaged with.

A thesis is focused on obtaining technical expertise.

On the other hand, a dissertation is made for students to come up with an original study that other researchers haven’t already studied.

USA: In the United States of America, they consider a thesis shorter than a dissertation. In fact, aside from being a requirement to graduate in college, a thesis is now also inculcated in master’s degree programs. And since the dissertation is more extensive, the thesis is treated as preliminary in gaining a doctorate degree.

Europe: The distinction between the two papers is almost opposite to that of the USA. In Europe, a dissertation is only a broader research study from a post-graduate program and not the making of original research. Instead, educational systems in the said continent treat the doctoral thesis as a more elaborate paper writing.

The difference between a thesis and a dissertation might not seem that big, but it’s important that we know what makes them different.

If your upcoming defense gives you pressure and uneasiness, it could be cause you are not sure what to expect. Today we will dispel three common thesis defense myths that will help you be more confident in your presentation.

“Answer all the questions correctly. Otherwise, your thesis won’t get approved.”

You are expected to have a focus on your research.

That being said, you have to study each part of your thesis, every detail, and even your sources.

You have to study and practice how to effectively deliver your presentation.

But don’t overthink to the extent that you’re stressing yourself to know everything perfectly.

Don’t overstress if you can’t answer one of the questions, this doesn’t necessarily mean the committee won’t approve your thesis.

You should know that research is a continuous study.

So you should expect that your committee will always be able to find a gap in your study to fill in future related research .

So in times you don’t exactly know the answer, admit it, and you’ll learn as they give their sides or suggestions.

Making up an answer will only displease your committee, so it’s to be upfront, honest, and transparent.

“The committee is just there to find holes in your study. They don’t care about you.”

One of the typical descriptions students have of the committee is that they are just there to poke holes in your thesis.

Going in with this perspective makes standing before them a nerve-wracking experience.

They’re not your enemy.

In fact, they are there to help you polish your study.

They might challenge you with difficult suggestions and tricky questions.

In the end, they will walk you through the process to come up with better results that won’t only benefit you but also your research.

They care about you and your study, and they’re ultimately there to make your thesis and the research better.  Separate yourself from your work look at it objectively, and don’t take their comments personally .

“If your thesis defense isn’t successful, you have to start your thesis all over again”

An unsuccessful defense is one of the worst-case fears most students have.

One thing that you should be aware of is when you aren’t able to please your committee, you don’t need to start a new thesis again or go back to square one with your existing paper.

It’s unusual that your committee will ask you to change your topic and start from scratch again.

The fact that you’ve been permitted to defend your study means your research is almost complete.

They might suggest further details or ask you for minor revisions, and that’s normal.

But overall, you need to go into this defense thinking that your presentation will be successful. Otherwise, you are already setting yourself up for failure with the wrong mindset.

Remember that positive thoughts attract positive results.

Thesis Defense Presentation Structure and Slides Content

We can use language learning models like ChatGPT to help us curate the structure of our thesis presentation. Let’s see a step-by-step solution on how to apply this.

Step 1: Define the thesis topic and research questions

You can set the environment for ChatGPT to work by explaining what your thesis is going to cover and which specific questions you aim to address through the course of that document. This gives ChatGPT the context from which it shall formulate the structure. A prompt can be written like this:

“Take the role of an academic professional who shall help me to write my thesis. This thesis is going to cover the topic of (insert topic), and through its course, I want to answer these questions: Question 1 – Question 2 – Question 3 – Consider this information as the starting point for this chat.”

Step 2: Ask for an outline

With the previously provided information, ask ChatGPT to generate an outline for your presentation. If some of the points listed in the output don’t convince you, then chat with the interface until you reach a final outline. Then, ask to elaborate on each specific point for information or cues you may have overlooked.

Step 3: Ask ChatGPT which content should you place per slide

Instead of debating how are you going to trim your thesis into a presentation format, ask ChatGPT to do the decision process for you. You can be as specific as asking how many words per slide, how many slides should the presentation have, if you need any visual element, etc.

N.B.: We don’t recommend using ChatGPT to retrieve academic references as, in some cases, it can provide faulty results. You can ask if any facts on this presentation need to be checked or similar questions. ChatGPT is a powerful tool, but it shouldn’t be considered a bible, so be extra cautious about grabbing content directly from its outputs.

1. Title Page

This slide should contain the information that is provided on the title page of your hard copy . Here is an example of title page or cover slide for your title defense or thesis presentation.

• The title of your research paper
• Where you are studying
• Name and details of your course
• Name of Adviser

2. Introduction Slide

Your introduction slide should provide the committee with an idea of the following:

• What is the topic area that you are investigating ?
• What are the specific research questions that you set out to answer?
• Why is this question important to answer?
• What were the objectives of your research?

3. Literature Review Slide

It’s not necessary to cover everything that’s currently understood in the available literature. You may want to present the following content under a Literature Review slide:

• Relevant current research that is close to your topic
• Different theories that may apply to your specific area of research
• Areas of weakness that are currently highlighted

4. Methodology Slide

Make sure to touch the factors below within your process, and include the following in the Methodology slide:

• The type of study you have conducted: qualitative, quantitative, or mixed
• The methods that you chose and why
• Details of the population, sampling methods, and other information
• Provide information regarding how you have analyzed the data that you have collected

5. Results Slide

This part should give the committee/audience a good understanding of what you’ve discovered during your research. The statistics & results slide could include the final results of your analysis, here is an example:

• An overall description of the data that you collected during your research
• The results of the analysis that you have done on that data
• What were the most significant findings from your data

6. Discussion Slide

Highlight here the meaning of the findings in relation to your discipline program and the research that you have done:

• What are the major findings, and what do they mean with regard to your research
• How do these findings relate to what others have found in the past
• How can you explain any unusual or surprising result

7. Conclusions Slide

You have to end your presentation with a conclusion summarizing all that you have found within your research. Here is an example of a Conclusion slide in a Thesis presentation:

• Restate your research questions
• Show how your results answer these questions
• Show what contribution you have made
• State any limitations to the work you have done
• Suggest future research
• Make any recommendations

See Also: How to Create a Great Investors Pitch Deck and Close the Deal

8. Acknowledgements Slide

Express gratitude to your advisor, committee members, peers, and others who supported your research journey. This slide provides a moment to acknowledge the collaborative nature of academic work.

9. Questions and Answers Slide

Dedicate a slide for audience questions at the end of your presentation.

Encourage engagement by inviting questions from the audience.

Be prepared to provide clear and concise responses to inquiries.

10. References Slide

Include a slide listing your cited sources throughout your presentation.

Use a consistent citation style (APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.).

The References slide demonstrates your thorough engagement with existing literature.

11. Contact Information Slide

If you’re open to further inquiries or collaborations, consider adding your contact information.

Include your email address or relevant professional social media handles.

Tips During Your Oral Defense!

Review your materials.

Even if you already feel confident with your upcoming presentation, you still need to review your materials.

You can bring the hard copy of your thesis with you during the defense, but you don’t want to get lost in your presentation when you forget some specific details and have to scan your papers.

You should know your paper in and out.

Rehearse Your Presentation

It’s not wrong if it sounds like a script when you speak in your oral defense. It’s expected and understandable.

You need to practice your presentation, especially when there’s a time restriction given to every presenter.

You only need to prepare enough slides that would fit your time limit. A hundred slides aren’t suitable for a 15 to 20-minute presentation, nor 10 slides for an hour of defense.

Your rehearsal will be more effective if you practice it in front of an audience.

Note: You will experience complete silence in the defense room. You might feel awkward because, most of the time, you’re the only one speaking out loud.  This is completely fine, and it’s something you should practice in rehearsal should you be afraid.

Narrow the Presentation of Ideas

Regarding your slides, you don’t have to include everything that’s in your paper. You should narrow down your ideas to the main points and the most important details, such as the statistics and findings.

If the members of your committee think you lack details or they want to hear a further explanation, they won’t hesitate to ask you.

Prepare for the Unexpected Questions

The panel tends to challenge the presenters, usually through some hard questions.

Its aim is how well do you you have done your research and how prepared you are.

But as long as you know the ins and outs of your paper, you shouldn’t lose your confidence regardless of which questions they ask.

Just keep in mind that what you’re saying in your oral defense is not in conflict with what is written on the hard copy you provided them.

What To Do When You Don’t Know the Answer

If the committee asks you a question and you don’t know the answer, don’t make up a baseless answer.

Baseless means out-of-context answers or something without proof or backup.

How To Deal With The Nervousness

The committee expects you to be nervous. Of course, it’s normal.

However, one effect of being nervous is the changes in your behavior.

There’s a tendency for you’ll talk fast, which will make it hard for the committee to understand you.

It might also cause you to have a mental block.

So try to slow down. Take a deep breath.

Inhale, exhale.  Remember to breathe!

It’s OK to pause, and it’s OK to take your time; it’s more important that the committee clearly understands what you are trying to articulate.

More Quick Tips on How to Present!

• Introduce yourself at the beginning
• Introduce the title of the presentation
• Don’t read your notes if possible
• Don’t speak too fast
• Put an emphasis on what you’re saying so you don’t sound monotonous
• Look at your adviser once in a while for possible signs
• Stand on the right of the white screen if you are right-handed so you can easily refer to the slide without giving your back to the committee
• Face the audience when you talk
• Keep an eye contact
• Make sure to keep attention to the reactions of the committee and don’t forget to react in turn

We hope you enjoyed this article on how to do a proper thesis defense and how to best prepare for one using proven tips and techniques to help you get through this.  Hopefully, after your defense, you will be set as the one in your class to deliver an inspiring graduation speech for your peers. If you have value, please remember to share this article. We also recommend you read these Thesis Statement Examples for inspiration to create your own professionally.

1. MasterDoc PowerPoint Template

Creating a Thesis presentation should be a straight forward task; based on your thesis document and following the tips described above you have a high level structure already outlined. The MasterDoc PowerPoint template provides professional layouts with texts and image placeholders; so you can create document like slides using your thesis defense as your content. This template is ideal for a highly detailed documents, where visuals and words unite to illustrate one concept per page. The result is an asset that can be read and digested more quickly than either your thesis document or a presentation created for assisting a speech. A document created with the MasterDoc PowerPoint templates is meant to be printed or distributed, read on screen without the accompaniment of a presenter or used in an e-learning platform as pure learning content.

Use This Template

2. Thesis Presentation PowerPoint Template

You had invested a considerable time researching, testing hypothesis and confirming your thesis. Craft your thesis presentation with the same level of detail you applied in your work. Using the Thesis Presentation PowerPoint Template you will focus only in your content and your message. The layouts, images,design and structure will be taken care by the template.

3. Master Thesis PowerPoint Template

The Master Thesis PowerPoint Template is a professional document designed for postgraduate degrees presentations. It provides simple sections that follow  the structure and best practices of traditional research thesis presentations. Starting with the introduction to the theory and state of the art scenario; following with hypothesis research and its findings and concluding with the confirmation or negation of the initial thesis statement.

4. Essay Outline PowerPoint Template

Your thesis defense can be accompanied by an essay, that states your thesis and argues about it using several supporting paragraphs. This kind of document is ideal to be an intermediate step between reading assisting to the thesis presentation and reading the complete thesis documentation. It has more information that your thesis defense abstract, but does summarizes the supporting evidence and examples that allows the argument of each idea behind the thesis. You can use the Essay Outline Template to present your Essay outline and create an essay linked to your thesis defense documentation.

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Academics, Degree, Dissertation, Doctorate, Education, Faculty, Master, PhD, Student, Thesis Filed under Presentation Ideas

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36 Responses to “How To Do a Proper Thesis Defense Using the Right PowerPoint Presentation”

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• 1. Introduction Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Essays in New Economic Geography Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu March 26, 2009 Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 2. Introduction Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Contents of the Thesis: Literature Review In chapter one we give an overview of the principal New Economic Geography (NEG) models: The Core-Periphery (Krugman (1991)) The Footloose capital (Martin and Rogers (1995)) The Footloose entrepreneurs (Ottaviano (1996)) In chapter two we describe some of its further developments: The introduction of endogenous growth in a NEG framework (Baldwin and Martin (2004) and Baldwin et al. (2004)) Possibility of a monotonic relation between agglomeration and integration (Bellone and Maupertuis, 2003 and Andres, 2007) Introduction of firms heterogeneity (Melitz (2003), Baldwin and Okubo (2006) and Baldwin and Robert-Nicoud (2008)) Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 3. Introduction Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Contents of the Thesis: Original Extensions to the Theory In chapter three we elaborate the model quot;Agglomeration and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Sharesquot; where we use a CES instead of a Cobb-Douglas utility function in the second-stage optimization problem In particular we will focus on the study of stability analysis and growth rate. Our benchmark will be the model with global spillovers presented in Baldwin and Martin (2004) In chapter four we elaborate the model quot;Intersectoral Spillovers and Real Income Growthquot; where we introduce intersectoral knowledge spillovers from Innovation to a Non-tradable sector In particular we will focus on the study of the real income growth. Our benchmark will be the model with localized spillovers presented in Baldwin, Martin and Ottaviano (2001) Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 4. Introduction Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Essays in New Economic Geography Introduction Agglomeration and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Basics Stability Analysis Growth Rate Agglomeration, Welfare and Regional Growth with Intersectoral Knowledge Spillovers Basics Real Growth Rate Regional Welfare Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 5. Introduction Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Main Results in Baldwin and Martin (2004) Using a CD utility function in the second-stage optimization the expenditure shares for Manufacture is constant and the elasticity of substitution between the Traditional and the Industrial goods is unitary Implications on the stability analysis: Catastrophic agglomeration takes place in case of capital immobility: in this case when trade costs fall beyond a certain threshold agglomeration forces overcome the dispersion forces Implications on the growth analysis: The growth rate is not influenced by the allocation of economic activities hence it is the same both in the core periphery and in the symmetric configuration Moreover the growth rate is in no way affected by the degree of market integration (trade costs) Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 6. Introduction Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Extensions to BM (2004): Implications of Endogenous Expenditure Shares Using a CES utility function in the second-stage optimization problem, allows for expenditure shares in Industrial goods to be endogenously determined and opens the room to the following implications: Catastrophic agglomeration may always take place, whatever the degree of market integration, provided that the Traditional and the Industrial goods are sufficiently good substitutes The regional rate of growth is affected by the interregional allocation of economic activities even in the absence of localized spillovers, so that geography always matters for growth The regional rate of growth is affected by the degree of market openness: in particular, depending on whether the Traditional and the Industrial goods are good or poor substitutes, economic integration may be respectively growth-enhancing or growth-detrimental Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 7. Introduction Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Main Results in Baldwin, Martin and Ottaviano (2001) In standard NEGG models the growth rate is equal in both regions both in cases of global and local spillovers In case of agglomeration workers remaining in the region where there is no longer industry face two opposite welfare effects: A static loss due to the increase in transport costs paid on the Manufacture varieties that have to be imported A positive dynamic effect: if industry is concentrated in case of localized knowledge spillovers the growth rate will be higher This is due to the introduction of endogenous growth and localized spillovers: growth is influenced by geography So the increase in economic growth led by agglomeration can be the welfare counterpart of the static loss, hence agglomeration is always welfare improving Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 8. Introduction Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Extensions to BMO (2001): Implications of Intersectoral Spillovers By assuming intersectoral and localized knowledge spillovers from the Innovation sector to the Service sector, we show that firms’ allocation affects regional real growth More precisely we assume that the unit labour requirements (and thereby the prices) in the Services production are a negative function of the output of Innovation, i.e. the stock of knowledge capital Due to this new specification, real growth rates in the two regions always diverge when the firms allocation pattern differs from the symmetric one This result has strong policy implications because it suggests that concentrating industries in only one region may also bring a dynamic loss for the periphery Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 9. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Essays in New Economic Geography Introduction Agglomeration and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Basics Stability Analysis Growth Rate Agglomeration, Welfare and Regional Growth with Intersectoral Knowledge Spillovers Basics Real Growth Rate Regional Welfare Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 10. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis The Economy We have two symmetric regions: North and South (labeled by an asterisk) and three sectors: Modern (Manufacture), Traditional (agriculture) and Innovation There is only one type of workers interregionally immobile but intersectorally mobile (wages are equal among sectors) The Modern good is produced under Dixit-Stiglitz (1977) monopolistic competition with increasing returns to scale: the fixed cost is represented by a unit of capital while the variable cost is represented by aM units of L The Traditional is homogeneously produced with constant returns to scale in perfect competition and unit labor cost The Modern good is shipped with Iceberg Trade Costs while the Traditional one is freely shipped Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 11. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis The Innovation Sector The Innovation sector works in perfect competition with endogenous growth à la Romer (1990) The cost of Innovation in the North is: w F = aI w = Kw As we can see the cost of producing new knowledge decreases with the stock of knowledge already created The rate of growth of units of capital/varieties is: ˙ ˙ K∗ K ; g∗ = w g= w K K Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 12. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Consumer’s Problem We have an infinite lively consumer who maximizes the following preferences: 1 ∞ 1 α w 1−σ −ρt α α CM ) + (1 − U= e ln Qt ; Qt = δ(n δ)CT t=0 1 K +K ∗ 1 1− σ 1− 1 di; |α| ≤ 1 CM = ci σ i=0 1 It is arguable the intersectoral elasticity of substitution 1−α is lower than the intrasectoral elasticity of substitution σ The optimal consumption path is given by the Euler equation: ˙ E =r −ρ E Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 13. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Analytical Deviations from the Benchmark Model Following Cerina and Pigliaru (2007) we use a CES instead of a Cobb-Douglas, thereby allowing the elasticity of substitution (1/(1 − α)) between Manufacture and Traditional good to diverge from the unit value Hence the share of expenditure on Manufacture is no longer constant but it is affected by changes in the price index Following Murata (2008) and Blanchard and Kiyotaki (1987) we abstract from the love for variety There are several empirical analysis assessing a value for the love of variety parameter lower than what assumed in standard NEGG models (see for instance Ardelean 2007) The introduction of the restriction according to which love for variety is none is compensated by the introduction of the parameter α which, unlike the standard NEGG models, allows the elasticity of substitution to deviate from the unit value Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 14. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Normalizations due to the No-specialization Condition The Traditional good is shipped without incurring in trade cost and is produced under perfect competition. It is therefore convenient to choose home labour as numeraire so that: ∗ ∗ pT = pT = wT = wT = 1 By the No-specialization condition the Traditional sector is present in both regions. This together with labor intersectoral mobility let Manufacture wages to be tied to agricultural wages which, in turn, remain fixed at the level of the unit price: ∗ ∗ wM = wM = wT = wT = w = 1 Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 15. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Modern Firm Optimization (1) The optimal pricing rule is the following: σ p = aM σ−1 If we take the units of labor per unit of output in Manufacture as aM = (σ − 1)/σ even the varieties’ prices are normalizes to 1, so p = w = 1 and p ∗ = τ p (τ represents the trade costs) ij Setting pM the price of a particular variety produced in region i and sold in region j the Manufacture price index becomes: 1 n∗ 1−σ n 1 1 = (sn +(1−sn )φ) 1−σ nw 1−σ (pM )1−σ di + NN (pM )1−σ di SN PM = 0 0 1 n∗ 1−σ n 1 1 ∗ = (φsn +1−sn ) 1−σ nw 1−σ (pM )1−σ di NS (pM )1−σ di SS PM = + 0 0 Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 16. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Modern Firm Optimization (2) The profits are respectively for northern and southern varieties: Ew φ(1 − sE ) sE µ∗ (sn , φ) π= µ(sn , φ) + σK w (sn + (1 − sn )φ) (φsn + 1 − sn ) Ew (1 − sE ) φsE π∗ = µ∗ (sn , φ) µ(sn , φ) + σK w (sn + (1 − sn )φ) (φsn + 1 − sn ) Where φ = τ 1−σ is the so called quot;phi-ness of tradequot; which ranges from 0 (prohibitive trade) to 1 (costless trade) As we can see profits change with the expenditure shares Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 17. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Expenditure Shares The expenditure shares, which are constant in steady state are: 1 µ(sn , φ) = σ α − (1−α)(1−σ) ( 1−δ ) 1−α (sn + (1 − sn )φ) 1+ δ 1 µ∗ (sn , φ) = σ α − (1−α)(1−σ) 1 + ( 1−δ ) (φsn + 1 − sn ) 1−α δ A crucial feature for our analysis is that the expenditure shares depend on Manufacture location and trade costs Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 18. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Essays in New Economic Geography Introduction Agglomeration and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Basics Stability Analysis Growth Rate Agglomeration, Welfare and Regional Growth with Intersectoral Knowledge Spillovers Basics Real Growth Rate Regional Welfare Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 19. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Stability of the Symmetric Equilibrium The ratio of northern and southern Tobin’s q is: sE φ(1−sE ) µ∗ (sn , φ) µ(sn , φ) + q (sn +(1−sn )φ) (φsn +1−sn ) = γ(sE , sn , φ) = q∗ (1−sE ) φsE µ∗ (sn , φ) µ(sn , φ) + (sn +(1−sn )φ) (φsn +1−sn ) Starting from γ(sE , sn , φ) = 1, an increase (decrease) in γ(sE , sn , φ) will make investments in the North (South) more profitable and thus will lead to a production shifting Hence, the symmetric equilibrium will be stable (instable) if: ∂γ(sE , sn , φ) < (>)0 ∂sn sn =sE =1/2 Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 20. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Endogenous Expenditure Shares: the Capital Imm. Case In case of capital immobility we have: 2 2 1−φ α (1 − µ (1/2, φ)) 1−φ (1 − φ) ∂sE ∂γ (sE , sK , φ) −4 =4 +4 (σ − 1) (1 − α) 1+φ 1+φ ∂sK (1 + φ) ∂sK sK =sE =1/2 Market-crowding Demand-linked Substitution If α > (<)0 the substitution effect acts as a new agglomeration (dispersion) force thereby agglomeration is reached for lower (higher) values of freeness of trade Moreover if α > 0 there are values of the parameter for the symmetric equilibrium to be unstable for every level of trade cost Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 21. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Mechanism of the Substitution Effect The variability of the expenditure shares gives birth to a new force called substitution effect. Let’s see how it works: If Manufacture and the Traditional commodities are good substitutes (α > 0) an increase in the share of firm present in a region (say North) determines a decrease in the price index for Manufacture Hence the share of expenditure in Manufacture (and also the profits) will rise determining an increase in the incentive to invest This rise in the incentive to invest will augment the share of firms owned a region, thereby feedbacking the mechanism If Manufacture and the Traditional commodities are poor substitutes (α < 0) the mechanism is reversed Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 22. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Essays in New Economic Geography Introduction Agglomeration and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Basics Stability Analysis Growth Rate Agglomeration, Welfare and Regional Growth with Intersectoral Knowledge Spillovers Basics Real Growth Rate Regional Welfare Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 23. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Growth Always Depends on Geography In the benchmark model growth does not depend on geography and is the same both in Core-Periphery and symmetry: 2µL − (σ − µ)ρ g= σ Instead in our analysis the growth rate depends on geography both in symmetry and in Core-Periphery: 2L(σ − µ(1/2, φ)) − ρ(σ − µ(1/2, φ)) gS = σ L(µ(1, φ) + µ∗ (1, φ)) − ρ(σ − µ(1, φ)) gC = σ Clearly the Core-Periphery growth rate can be higher (lower) than the symmetric one according to parameters value: µ(1, φ) + µ∗ (1, φ) > (<)2µ(1/2, φ) ⇒ gC > (<)gS Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 24. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Integration Always Affects Growth Rate The growth rate in our analysis depends on trade costs in Core-Periphery and in the symmetric equilibrium In particular if Manufacture and Agriculture are good/poor substitutes the impact of integration (lowering trade costs) can be positive/negative: ∂gS ∂gC α > (<)0 ⇒ , > (<)0 ∂φ ∂φ Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 25. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Stability Analysis Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Growth Analysis Economic Intuitions and Policy Implications If the freeness of trade or the share of firms in a region increase, the price index decreases. Then if α > (<)0 the share of expenditure in Manufacture augments/diminishes. Hence firms gain more/less profits and the incentive to invest is enhanced/decreased, thus boosting/slowing down growth Growth Rate Depends on Geography: if the growth rate is higher/lower in Core-Periphery hence the conclusion of the benchmark model stating that agglomeration is welfare enhancing is reinforced/rejected Growth Rate Depends on Trade Costs: if α > (<)0 an increase in trade costs is growth enhancing/harming hence the conclusion of the benchmark model stating that integration is welfare improving is reinforced/rejected Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 26. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Essays in New Economic Geography Introduction Agglomeration and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Basics Stability Analysis Growth Rate Agglomeration, Welfare and Regional Growth with Intersectoral Knowledge Spillovers Basics Real Growth Rate Regional Welfare Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 27. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Introducing Intersectoral Spillovers: the Picture Changes The result displayed in Baldwin, Martin and Ottaviano (2001) saying that agglomeration of industry benefits both regions is questionable Introducing the possibility of intersectoral spillovers between knowledge production and Services it is arguable that clustering Innovation and the Modern sector in a unique region would influence also the productivity of the Non-tradable sector Thereby agglomeration would bring to two losses for South: A static loss due to the increase in trade costs paid A dynamic loss (lower real growth rate) in the region where remain only the Traditional and the Non-tradable sectors Hence in case of agglomeration we have ever increasing welfare inequality between regions Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 28. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Deviations from the Canonical Case In our work we focus on the analysis of the real growth rate The mechanisms of agglomeration and the growth rate analysis are equal to the benchmark case We introduce a further sector that is not traded: the Services The productivity of the Services depends positively on the quantity of knowledge capital already present in the same region This dependence is due to the introduction of localized intersectoral spillovers In case of agglomeration this modification let the negative rate of growth of the price index to be different between the two regions Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 29. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare The Economy The analytical framework is very similar to the one presented in the first session for the Endogenous Expenditure Shares case. The differences are the following: We reintroduce the Cobb-Douglas in the second step of utility maximization, like in the benchmark model We consider the case of localized spillovers between the Innovation sectors in the two regions so that the innovation cost is aI = 1/AK w where A = (sK + λ(1 − sK )) We introduce the Non-tradable sector: Services are produced under perfect competition and constant returns to scale, and are not interregionally traded Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 30. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare The Non-tradable Sector The Services production function, where aS (·) represents the units of labor necessary to produce a unit of output is: LS S= aS (·) The profit function is: πS = pS S − wLS Optimization implies (int. labor mobility drives wages to 1): pS = aS (·) We assume knowledge intersectoral spillovers from Innovation to Services: the productivity parameter is a negative function of K , i.e. we have aS (K ) < 0 ˙ Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 31. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Consumer’s Problem (1) We have an infinite lively consumer that maximizes: 1 K +K ∗ 1− 1 ∞ 1− 1 σ −ρt αβγ ci σ U= e ln Qdt; Q = ln CM CT CS ; CM = di t=0 i =0 Where CM and CT are respectively the demand of the Modern (CES) and Traditional good and CS is the demand for Services The optimal consumption path is given by the Euler equation: ˙ E =r −ρ E Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 32. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Consumer’s Problem (2) The maximization of the Cobb-Douglas gives the following relations1 : PM CM = αE ; pT CT = βE ; pS CS = γE Where pS is the price of the Non-tradable good As we can see consumers devote a fixed share of expenditure to the three commodities Finally the optimizations of the composite index gives the CES demand function for the typical variety: pj−σ cj = αE 1−σ PM 1 We assume α + β + γ = 1 Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 33. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Essays in New Economic Geography Introduction Agglomeration and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Basics Stability Analysis Growth Rate Agglomeration, Welfare and Regional Growth with Intersectoral Knowledge Spillovers Basics Real Growth Rate Regional Welfare Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 34. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Income Growth Rate Real growth merely stems from the constant fall in the price index that is driven by a continuously widening range of varieties Steady state income in the two regions is the sum of labour income plus profit income and can be written as: αE w φ(1 − sE ) sE Y = L + πsK K w = L + + (sK + (1 − sK )φ) (φsK + 1 − sK ) σ αE w 1 − sE φsE Y ∗ = L+π ∗ (1−sK )K w = L+ + (sK + (1 − sK )φ) (φsK + 1 − sK ) σ Being sK , sE and E w constant in steady state, Y and Y ∗ are constant as well: ˙ ˙ Y∗ Y = ∗ =0 Y Y The income growth is zero unregarding the location of industry Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 35. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Price Index The Cobb-Douglas price index for the consumer is: ∗α ∗β ∗γ αβγ P = PM pT pS ; P ∗ = PM pT pS The growth rate of prices in the two regions becomes: ˙ ˙ P PM pT pS ˙ ˙ =α +β +γ P PM pT pS ˙ ˙ P∗ P∗ p∗ p∗ ˙ ˙ =α M +β T +γ S ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ P PM pT pS Hence the real income growth rate is: ˙ ˙ ˙ Y P PM pT pS ˙ ˙ − = −α −β −γ Y P PM pT pS ˙ ˙ ˙ Y∗ P∗ P∗ p∗ p∗ ˙ ˙ − ∗ = −α M − β T − γ S ∗ ∗ ∗ Y∗ P PM pT pS Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 36. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Price Index Manufacture The price index for the Manufacture good is: 1 1 PM = (sn + (1 − sn )φ) 1−σ K w 1−σ 1 1 PM = (φsn + (1 − sn )) 1−σ K w 1−σ ∗ The growth rate of prices for the Manufacture good is: ˙ ˙ ˙ P∗ 1 Kw PM g = M= =− ∗ w 1−σK σ−1 PM PM Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 37. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Traditional Good Price Index The normalized price for the Traditional good: ∗ pT = pT = 1 The growth rate of prices for the Traditional good is: p∗ pT ˙ ˙ = T =0 ∗ pT pT Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 38. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Non-tradable Good Price Index Instead the optimizing price for Services in North and South is: pS = aS (K ); pS = aS (K ∗ ) ∗ ∗ The growth rate of prices for the Non-tradable good is: ˙ ˙ pS aS (K ) ∂aS (K )/∂K K K ˙ ˙ K = θ(K ) = = pS aS (K ) aS (K ) K K ˙ ˙ ˙∗ a∗ (K ∗ ) ∂a∗ (K ∗ )/∂K ∗ ∗ K ∗ K∗ pS ˙ K ∗ = θ∗ (K ∗ ) ∗ = S ∗ = S∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ (K ) pS aS aS (K ) K K Where θ(K ) and θ∗ (K ∗ ) are the (negative) elasticities of Services production cost with respect to capital in the two regions Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 39. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Real Growth Rate The difference in the real growth rate between the two regions is given by: ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ Y ∗ P∗ K∗ K Y P θ∗ (K ∗ ) − θ(K ) ⇒ − − −∗ ∗ ∗ K K Y P Y P Thus we have a positive steady state real growth differential if: ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ Y ∗ P∗ K∗ K Y P θ∗ (K ∗ ) > θ(K ) ⇒ − −∗ > K∗ Y∗ P K Y P Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 40. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Geography Affects Growth K˙∗ ˙ K In the symmetric equilibrium = g hence the real = K∗ K income growth is the same: ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ Y ∗ P∗ Y P θ∗ (K ∗ )g = θ(K )g ⇒ − −∗ = Y∗ P Y P ˙∗ ˙ In each asymmetric equilibrium K ∗ = g ∗ = 0 = K = g thus K K the real income growth diverges: ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ Y ∗ P∗ Y P θ∗ (K ∗ )g ∗ = 0 > θ(K )g ⇒ − −∗ > Y∗ P Y P Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 41. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Essays in New Economic Geography Introduction Agglomeration and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Basics Stability Analysis Growth Rate Agglomeration, Welfare and Regional Growth with Intersectoral Knowledge Spillovers Basics Real Growth Rate Regional Welfare Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 42. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Real Growth Rate in the North The North enjoys two dynamical gains from agglomeration Indeed the northern real growth rate in symmetry is: (αL (1 + λ) − ρ (σ − α)) (α − γθ(K ) (σ − 1)) ϕsym = σ (σ − 1) Instead in core-periphery the northern real growth rate is: (2αL − ρ (σ − α)) (α − γθ(K ) (σ − 1)) ϕcp = σ (σ − 1) Clearly the real growth rate of the North is higher in core-periphery: ϕcp > ϕsym Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 43. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Real Growth Rate in the South On the contrary the South may loose from agglomeration The southern real growth rate in symmetry is: (αL (1 + λ) − ρ (σ − α)) (α − (σ − 1) γθ∗ (K ∗ )) ϕ∗ = sym σ (σ − 1) Whilst in core periphery the real growth rate becomes: (2αL − ρ (σ − α)) α ϕ∗ = cp σ (σ − 1) Hence agglomeration is welfare harming for the South if: α2 L + (αL − ρ (σ − α)) (σ − 1) γθ∗ (K ∗ ) λ> αL (α − (σ − 1) γθ∗ (K ∗ )) If spillovers are less localized (λ higher) the firms’ location is less important therefore the dynamic gain from agglomeration is lower Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 44. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare Conclusions and Policy Implications In agglomeration we have different effects for the two regions The core would be better off enjoying two dynamic gains: The first one is an increase in the growth rate of Manufacture due to the localized knowledge spillovers The second one is a decrease in the decrease in the Services price index growth due to the intersectoral knowledge spillovers Instead the periphery would experience two opposite effects: A dynamic gain given by the increase in the growth rate of Manufacture (that is imported from the core) due to the localized knowledge spillovers A dynamic loss due to the fact that southern capital does no longer grow hence the Services price is fixed This conclusion clashes with BMO (2001) who state that agglomeration is welfare improving for both regions Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 45. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare References (1) Andres F., (2007), quot;Divergence, Wage-Gap and Geographyquot;, Economie Internationale, 4Q, pages 83-112. Ardelean A. (2007), quot;How Strong is Love for Variety?quot;, Working Paper, Leavey School of Business, University of Santa Clara, California. Baldwin R., R. Forslid, P. Martin, G. Ottaviano and F. Robert-Nicoud (2004), quot;Economic Geography and Public Policyquot;, Princeton University Press. Baldwin R., Martin P., (2004), “Agglomeration and Regional Growth”, Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, in: J. V. Henderson and J. F. Thisse (ed.), Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 60, pages 2671-2711 Elsevier. Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 46. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare References (2) Baldwin R., Martin P., Ottaviano G., (2001), “Global Income Divergence, Trade, and Industrialization: The Geography of Growt Take-Offs”, Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 5-37, March. Baldwin R., Okubo T., (2006), quot;Heterogeneous firms, agglomeration and economic geography: spatial selection and sorting,quot; Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 6(3), pages 323-346, June. Baldwin R., Robert-Nicoud F., (2008), quot;Trade and growth with heterogeneous firmsquot;, Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(1), pages 21-34, January. Bellone F., Maupertuis M., (2003), quot;Economic Integration and Regional Income Inequalities: Competing Dynamics of Regional Wages and Innovative Capabilitiesquot;, Review of International Economics, 11, 512-526. Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 47. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare References (3) Blanchard O., Kiyotaky N., (1987), quot;Monopolistic Competition and Aggregate Demandquot;, American Economic Review, 77, 647-666. Fabio Cerina F., Pigliaru F., 2007, quot;Agglomeration and Growth: a critical assessmentquot;, in Bernard Fingleton (ed.), 2007, New Directions in Economic Geography, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham. Dixit A.K., Stiglitz J.E., (1977), quot;Monopolistic Competition and optimum product diversityquot;, American Economic Review 67, 297-308. Krugman P., (1991), “Increasing Return and Economic Geography”, Journal of Political Economy 99, 483-99. Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography
• 48. Introduction Basics Aggl. and Growth with Endogenous Expenditure Shares Real Growth Rate Regional Growth with Int. Knowledge Spillovers Regional Welfare References (4) Martin P., Rogers C., (1995), quot;Industrial location and public infrastructurequot;, Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(3-4), pages 335-351, November. Melitz M., (2003), quot;The Impact of Trade on Intra-Industry Reallocations and Aggregate Industry Productivityquot;, Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 71(6), pages 1695-1725, November. Ottaviano G., (1996), quot;Monopolistic competition, trade, and endogenous spatial fluctuationsquot;, CEPR Discussion Paper, No. 1327. Romer P., (1990), quot;Endogenous Technological Changequot;, Journal of Political Economy 98.5, S71-S102. Doctoral Thesis of Francesco Mureddu Essays in New Economic Geography

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Dissertation Defense - PowerPoint Presentation

by Linda S Vann

This PowerPoint presentation, developed for my dissertation defense call, has been uploaded here for anyone in need of an example. Some minor misalignment of text occurred during upload.

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Entails a brief elaboration of my dissertation's argument.

Date of submission: 14th May, 2016 Word count (excluding bibliography and this title page): 7,345 words I hereby declare that the attached piece of written work is my own work and that I have not reproduced, without acknowledgement, the work of another. I do hereby give permission for my dissertation to be used by the Department as a sample to be viewed by future students.

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Please follow this link below to reach my dissertation. http://summit.sfu.ca/system/files/iritems1/11770/etd6717_TNeiman.pdf

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